Excess dietary sugar impairs Drosophila adult stem cells via elevated reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling

• DOI: 10.1242/dev.201772
• Publication Date: 2023-12-08T15:44:10Z
• Authors: Wei-Hao Huang; Kreeti Kajal; Ryan Himawan Wibowo; Oyundari Amartuvshin; Shih-Han Kao; Elham Rastegari; Chi-Hung Lin; Kuan-Lin Chiou; Hai-Wei Pi; Chau-Ti Ting; Hwei-Jan Hsu
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; 03 medical and health sciences

High-sugar diets (HSDs) often lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes, both metabolic syndromes associated with stem cell dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether excess dietary sugar affects cells. Here, we report that HSD impairs function in the intestine ovaries of female Drosophila prior onset insulin resistance, a hallmark diabetes. Although 1 week leads obesity, impaired oogenesis altered lipid metabolism, resistance does not occur. increases glucose uptake by germline cells (GSCs) triggers reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling, which reduces GSC proliferation. Removal from diet reverses these HSD-induced phenomena. A similar phenomenon found intestinal (ISCs), except disrupts ISC maintenance differentiation. Interestingly, tumor-like GSCs ISCs are less responsive HSD, may be because their dependence on glycolytic metabolism high energy demand, respectively. This study suggests induces oxidative stress damages before develops, mechanism also occur higher organisms.