Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A virulence and its association with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer

• DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2022.12.04.005
• Publication Date: 2022-04-13T10:33:39Z
• Authors: Iga Dudek; Alicja Forma; Justyna Hamerska; Michał Flieger; Jacek Januszewski; Tomasz Cywka; Joanna Kozak; Jacek Baj
• Keywords: CagA; Pathogenicity island

Gastric cancer is currently one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide with a high mortality rate. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection significantly contributes to onset and progression gastric mainly due induction chronic inflammatory responses. The pathogenicity H. associated vast number virulence factors among which cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) plays crucial role. We conducted literature review PubMed, Web Science, Scopus on September 1st, 2021. There were no limits regarding year language publication. Articles included in this concerned human animal studies. following search string was applied during search: (gastric cancer) AND (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) (Helicobacter (cytotoxin-associated A). final analysis 135 articles independently reviewed by authors. CagA-positive strains seem be more virulent compared CagA-negative strains. CagA includes increased secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines, stem cell-like properties, apoptosis prevention, or overactivation particular oncogenic pathways. might induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via numerous pathways, CagA-related considered significance. Mechanisms action are involved maintenance infection, subsequent EMT induction, further cancer. Because huge different mechanisms, clinical outcome patients also type strain that infected patient.