Prediagnostic Serum Organochlorine Concentrations and Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Nested Case–Control Study in the Norwegian Janus Serum Bank Cohort

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408245
• Publication Date: 2015-03-03T17:16:45Z
• Authors: Stella Koutros; Hilde Langseth; Tom K. Grimsrud; Dana Boyd Barr; Roel Vermeulen; Lützen Portengen; Sholom Wacholder; Laura E. Beane Fr...; Aaron Blair; Richard B. Hayes; Nathaniel Rothman; Lawrence S. Engel
• Keywords: Adult; Male; Insecticides; Norway; Research; Prostatic Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; 01 natural sciences; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Logistic Models; 0302 clinical medicine; SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being; Case-Control Studies; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Humans; Prospective Studies; Neoplasm Metastasis; Aged; 0105 earth and related environmental sciences

BackgroundOrganochlorine (OC) insecticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been shown to have estrogenic, antiestrogenic, or antiandrogenic properties; as a result, the impact of exposure to these compounds and risk of hormonal cancers, such as prostate cancer, is a concern.ObjectivesWe conducted a nested case–control study, using prospectively collected serum, to estimate associations between OC exposures and metastatic prostate cancer in a population-based cohort from Norway.MethodsSera from 150 cases and 314 controls matched on date of blood draw, age at blood draw, and region was used to determine concentrations of 11 OC pesticide metabolites and 34 PCB congeners. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for quartiles of lipid-corrected metabolite levels were calculated using conditional logistic regression.ResultsMetastatic prostate cancer was two times as likely among men with serum concentrations of oxychlordane in the highest quartile compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.03, 4.03; p-trend 0.05). Elevated but nonsignificant ORs were estimated for the highest versus lowest quartile of heptachlor epoxide, HCB, and mirex, although these exposures were correlated with oxychlordane. Findings for specific PCB congeners showed a significant inverse association between natural log–transformed lipid-adjusted PCB 44 and metastatic prostate cancer (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.97; p-trend = 0.02).ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of estimating associations with specific OC chemicals and suggests a possible role of OC insecticides and PCBs in the etiology of metastatic prostate cancer.CitationKoutros S, Langseth H, Grimsrud TK, Barr DB, Vermeulen R, Portengen L, Wacholder S, Beane Freeman LE, Blair A, Hayes RB, Rothman N, Engel LS. 2015. Prediagnostic serum organochlorine concentrations and metastatic prostate cancer: a nested case–control study in the Norwegian Janus Serum Bank cohort. Environ Health Perspect 123:867–872; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408245