A Statewide Nested Case–Control Study of Preterm Birth and Air Pollution by Source and Composition: California, 2001–2008

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1510133
• Publication Date: 2016-02-19T16:45:04Z
• Authors: Olivier Laurent; Jianlin Hu; Lianfa Li; Michael J. Kleeman; Scott M. Bartell; Myles Cockburn; Loraine Escobedo; Jun Wu
• Keywords: Interquartile range

Background:Preterm birth (PTB) has been associated with exposure to air pollution, but it is unclear whether effects might vary among pollution sources and components.Objectives:We studied the relationships between PTB different components of including gases particulate matter (PM) by size fraction, chemical composition, sources.Methods:Fine ultrafine PM (respectively, PM2.5 PM0.1) source composition were modeled across California over 2000–2008. Measured PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, ozone concentrations spatially interpolated using empirical Bayesian kriging. Primary traffic emissions at fine scale CALINE4 indices. Data on maternal characteristics, pregnancies, outcomes obtained from certificates. Associations (n = 442,314) exposures defined according residence examined a nested matched case–control approach. Analyses adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education neighborhood income.Results:Adjusted odds ratios in association interquartile range (IQR) increases average during pregnancy 1.133 (95% CI: 1.118, 1.148) total 1.096 1.085, 1.108) ozone, 1.079 1.065, 1.093) dioxide. For primary PM, strongest associations per IQR estimated onroad gasoline (9–11% increase), followed diesel (6–8%) commercial meat cooking (4–7%). positive nitrate, ammonium, secondary organic aerosols (11–14%), elemental carbon (2–4%). local only when analyses restricted births residences geocoded tax parcel level.Conclusions:In our statewide study population, both pollutants an increase PTB.Citation:Laurent O, Hu J, Li L, Kleeman MJ, Bartell SM, Cockburn M, Escobedo Wu J. 2016. A preterm composition: California, 2001–2008. Environ Health Perspect 124:1479–1486; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510133