Proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects of Mexico City air pollution particulate matter in vitro are dependent on particle size and composition.

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp.5913
• Publication Date: 2003-04-25T13:13:19Z
• Authors: Alvaro R Osornio-...; James C Bonner; Ernesto Alfaro-Mo...; Leticia Martínez; Claudia García-Cu...; Sergio Ponce-de-L...; Javier Miranda; Irma Rosas
• Keywords: Proinflammatory cytokine

Exposure to urban airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse health effects. We previously reported that the cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of Mexico City PM10 (less than or equal 10 micro m mean aerodynamic diameter) are determined by transition metals endotoxins these particles. However, PM2.5 2.5 could be more important as a human risk because this smaller PM has potential reach distal lung after inhalation. In study, we compared those using murine monocytic J774A.1 cell line in vitro. PMs were collected from northern zone southeastern City. Elemental composition bacterial endotoxin on measured. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) interleukin-6 (IL-6) production cells was measured presence absence recombinant endotoxin-neutralizing protein (rENP). Both contained variety metals. Southeastern highest levels, 2-fold higher PM10. Northern lowest levels. Accordingly, most potent causing secretion cytokines TNF-alpha IL-6. All samples caused cytotoxicity, but toxic. Cytokine induced reduced 50-75% rENP. These results indicate major differences PM2.5. induces cytotoxicity vitro through an endotoxin-independent mechanism likely mediated contrast, relatively high levels cytokine release via endotoxin-dependent mechanism.