Disparities in Air Pollution Exposure in the United States by Race/Ethnicity and Income, 1990–2010

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp8584
• Publication Date: 2021-12-15T14:00:17Z
• Authors: Jiawen Liu; Lara P. Clark; Matthew J. Bechle; Anjum Hajat; Sun-Young Kim; Allen L. Robinson; Lianne Sheppard; Adam A. Szpiro; Julian D. Marshall
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Air pollution; 01 natural sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; Air Pollution; 11. Sustainability; Ethnicity; Humans; Environmental justice; Minority Groups; 0105 earth and related environmental sciences; Air Pollutants; Research; Environmental Exposure; Environmental inequality; United States; 13. Climate action; Atmospheric Chemistry; Environmental Science; Particulate Matter; 0305 other medical science

All data used are publicly available. Demographic data are available via IPUMS National Historic Geographic Information Systems [www.nhgis.org]; air pollution estimates are available via the EPA CACES project [www.caces.us]).