A rare case of acute erythroid leukemia (AML M6-Er) with pleural metastasis and malignant pleural effusion in a cat

• DOI: 10.1292/jvms.24-0340
• Publication Date: 2025-04-17T22:15:51Z
• Authors: Ga-Hyun LIM; Se-Hoon KIM; Min-Ok RYU; Ju-Hyun AN; Du-Min GO; Yeseul YANG; Dae-Yong KIM; Yongbaek KIM; Hwa-Young YOUN; Kyoung-Won SEO

An 11-year-old castrated male Turkish Angora cat presented with chronic lethargy and inappetence was diagnosed non-regenerative anemia, increased nucleated red blood cells, thrombocytopenia. Tests for anemia-related infections were negative. Imaging revealed pleural effusion, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, enlarged abdominal lymph nodes, raising suspicion of a round cell tumor in the spleen. His anemia effusion did not improve despite chemotherapy cytarabine administration. Erythroid precursor cells identified fluid. condition deteriorated, progressing to dyspnea necessitating euthanasia. Necropsy findings extensive infiltration CD71-positive neoplastic myeloid-to-erythroid ratio 0.02, indicating metastasis. Pleural metastasis should be considered differential diagnosis feline acute erythroid leukemia cases presenting effusion.