Which is the most power-efficient modulation format in optical links?

• DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.010814
• Publication Date: 2009-06-12T18:26:12Z
• Authors: Magnus Karlsson; Erik Agrell
• Keywords: 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering; 02 engineering and technology

By exploiting the electromagnetic wave's four-dimensional signal space, we find that for the additive white Gaussian noise channel, the modulation format with best sensitivity to be an 8-level format with 1.76 dB asymptotic gain over BPSK, for uncoded optical transmission with coherent detection. Low-complexity modulators are presented for the format, as well as an interpretation in terms of quantum-limited sensitivity.