Similarities and differences in the regulation of HoxD genes during chick and mouse limb development

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000004
• Publication Date: 2018-11-26T19:32:25Z
• Authors: Nayuta Yakushiji-...; Lucille Lopez-Del...; Christopher Chase...; Guillaume Andrey; Leonardo Beccari; Denis Duboule
• Keywords: Forelimb; Limb development; Hindlimb

In all tetrapods examined thus far, the development and patterning of limbs require activation gene members HoxD cluster. mammals, they are regulated by a complex bimodal process that controls first proximal then distal structure. During shift from former to latter regulation, this regulatory mechanism allows production domain with low Hoxd expression, at which both telomeric (T-DOM) centromeric domains (C-DOM) silent. These cells generate future wrist ankle articulations. We analyzed implementation in chicken, i.e., an animal for large morphological differences exist between fore- hindlimbs. report although regulation is globally conserved mouse chick, some important modifications evolved least these two model systems, particular regarding activity specific enhancers, width TAD boundary separating regulations, comparison forelimb versus hindlimb controls. At one aspect regulations seems be more chick bats than mouse, may relate extent forelimbs hindlimbs various animals differ their morphologies.