Worldwide Patterns of Ancestry, Divergence, and Admixture in Domesticated Cattle

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004254
• Publication Date: 2014-03-27T20:49:29Z
• Authors: Jared E. Decker; Stephanie D. McKay; Megan M. Rolf; JaeWoo Kim; Antonio Molina Al...; Tad S. Sonstegard; Olivier Hanotte; Anders Götherström; Christopher M. Se...; Lisa Praharani; Masroor Ellahi Babar; Luciana Correia d...; Mehmet Ali Yildiz; Michael P. Heaton; Wan-Sheng Liu; Chu-Zhao Lei; James M. Reecy; Muhammad Saif-Ur-...; Robert D. Schnabel; Jeremy F. Taylor
• Keywords: Introgression; Cline (biology); Genetic admixture

The domestication and development of cattle has considerably impacted human societies, but the histories breeds have been poorly understood especially for African, Asian, American breeds. Using genotypes from 43,043 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphism markers scored in 1,543 animals, we evaluate population structure 134 domesticated bovid Regardless analytical method or sample subset, three major groups Asian indicine, Eurasian taurine, African taurine were consistently observed. Patterns geographic dispersal resulting co-migration with humans exportation are recognizable phylogenetic networks. All methods reveal patterns hybridization which occurred after divergence. 19 breeds, map cline indicine introgression into Africa. We infer that possess a large portion wild auroch ancestry, causing their divergence taurine. detect Asia identify taurine/indicine Asia. also influence species other than Bos taurus formation pronounced Shorthorn European Iberian Italian Criollo shown to be Iberian, not decent. Indicine Americas, Europe. argue migration, movement trading followed by admixture important forces shaping modern bovine genomic variation.