Differentiation and Recruitment of Th9 Cells Stimulated by Pleural Mesothelial Cells in Human Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Adult
0301 basic medicine
Science
Apoptosis
Lymphocyte Activation
Interferon-gamma
03 medical and health sciences
Cell Movement
Humans
Antigen Presentation
Antigens, Bacterial
0303 health sciences
Chemokine CCL20
Ionomycin
Q
R
Interleukin-9
Cell Differentiation
Epithelial Cells
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Middle Aged
3. Good health
Pleural Effusion
Phenotype
Medicine
Pleura
Receptors, Chemokine
Interleukin-4
Research Article
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0031710
Publication Date:
2012-02-20T17:13:25Z
AUTHORS (10)
ABSTRACT
Newly discovered IL-9-producing CD4(+) helper T cells (Th9 cells) have been reported to contribute to tissue inflammation and immune responses, however, differentiation and immune regulation of Th9 cells in tuberculosis remain unknown. In the present study, our data showed that increased Th9 cells with the phenotype of effector memory cells were found to be in tuberculous pleural effusion as compared with blood. TGF-β was essential for Th9 cell differentiation from naïve CD4(+) T cells stimulated with PMA and ionomycin in vitro for 5 h, and addition of IL-1β, IL-4 or IL-6 further augmented Th9 cell differentiation. Tuberculous pleural effusion and supernatants of cultured pleural mesothelial cells were chemotactic for Th9 cells, and this activity was partly blocked by anti-CCL20 antibody. IL-9 promoted the pleural mesothelial cell repairing and inhibited IFN-γ-induced pleural mesothelial cell apoptosis. Moreover, pleural mesothelial cells promoted Th9 cell differentiation by presenting antigen. Collectively, these data provide new information concerning Th9 cells, in particular the collaborative immune regulation between Th9 cells and pleural mesothelial cells in human M. tuberculosis infection. In particular, pleural mesothelial cells were able to function as antigen-presenting cells to stimulate Th9 cell differentiation.
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