The Polyphenol Oleuropein Aglycone Protects TgCRND8 Mice against Aß Plaque Pathology

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071702
• Publication Date: 2013-08-08T21:11:22Z
• Authors: Cristina Grossi; Stefania Rigacci; Stefano Ambrosini; Teresa Ed Dami; Ilaria Luccarini; Chiara Traini; Paola Failli; Andrea Berti; Fiorella Casamenti; Massimo Stefani
• Keywords: Oleuropein; Aglycone; Cognitive Decline

The claimed beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet include prevention several age-related dysfunctions including neurodegenerative diseases and Alzheimer-like pathology. These have been related to protection against cognitive decline associated with aging disease by a number polyphenols found in red wine extra virgin olive oil. double transgenic TgCRND8 mice (overexpressing Swedish Indiana mutations human amyloid precursor protein), aged 1.5 4, age-matched wild type control were used examine vivo 8 weeks dietary supplementation oleuropein aglycone (50 mg/kg diet), main polyphenol We report here that strongly improves performance young/middle-aged mice, model amyloid-ß deposition, respect littermates un-supplemented diet. Immunofluorescence analysis cerebral tissue aglycone-fed showed remarkably reduced ß-amyloid levels plaque deposits, which appeared less compact "fluffy"; moreover, microglia migration plaques for phagocytosis remarkable reduction astrocyte reaction evident. Finally, brain displayed an astonishingly intense autophagic reaction, as shown increase markers expression lysosomal activity. Data obtained cultured cells confirmed latter evidence, suggesting mTOR regulation aglycone. Our results support, provide mechanistic insights into, Alzheimer-associated neurodegeneration enriched oil, major component