A Genome-Wide Association Study for Diabetic Retinopathy in a Japanese Population: Potential Association with a Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111715
• Publication Date: 2014-11-03T18:56:03Z
• Authors: Takuya Awata; Hisakuni Yamashita; Susumu Kurihara; Tomoko Morita-Ohkubo; Yumi Miyashita; Shigehiro Katayama; Keisuke Mori; Shin Yoneya; Masakazu Kohda; Yasushi Okazaki; Taro Maruyama; Akira Shimada; Kazuki Yasuda; Nao Nishida; Katsushi Tokunaga; Asako Koike
• Keywords: Adult; Male; Diabetic Retinopathy; Science; Q; R; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; 3. Good health; Japan; Medicine; Humans; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; RNA, Long Noncoding; Cilia; Research Article; Aged; Genome-Wide Association Study

Elucidation of the genetic susceptibility factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important to gain insight into the pathogenesis of DR, and may help to define genetic risk factors for this condition. In the present study, we conducted a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify DR susceptibility loci in Japanese patients, which comprised a total of 837 type 2 diabetes patients with DR (cases) and 1,149 without DR (controls). From the stage 1 genome-wide scan of 446 subjects (205 cases and 241 controls) on 614,216 SNPs, 249 SNPs were selected for the stage 2 replication in 623 subjects (335 cases and 288 controls). Eight SNPs were further followed up in a stage 3 study of 297 cases and 620 controls. The top signal from the present association analysis was rs9362054 in an intron of RP1-90L14.1 showing borderline genome-wide significance (Pmet = 1.4×10(-7), meta-analysis of stage 1 and stage 2, allele model). RP1-90L14.1 is a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) adjacent to KIAA1009/QN1/CEP162 gene; CEP162 plays a critical role in ciliary transition zone formation before ciliogenesis. The present study raises the possibility that the dysregulation of ciliary-associated genes plays a role in susceptibility to DR.