Adventitial Vessel Growth and Progenitor Cells Activation in an Ex Vivo Culture System Mimicking Human Saphenous Vein Wall Strain after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117409
• Publication Date: 2015-02-17T19:04:25Z
• Authors: Francesca Prandi; Marco Piola; Monica Soncini; Claudia Colussi; Yuri D’Alessandra; Eleonora Penza; Marco Agrifoglio; Maria Cristina Vinci; Gianluca Polvani; Carlo Gaetano; Gianfranco Beniam...; Maurizio Pesce
• Keywords: Vasa vasorum; Adventitia; Ex vivo; Arteriogenesis

Saphenous vein graft disease is a timely problem in coronary artery bypass grafting. Indeed, after exposure of the to arterial blood flow, progressive modification wall begins, due proliferation smooth muscle cells intima. As consequence, progressively occludes and this leads recurrent ischemia. In present study we employed novel ex vivo culture system assess biological effects arterial-like pressure on human saphenous structure physiology, compare results those achieved presence constant low flow mimicking physiologic perfusion. While under both conditions found an activation Matrix Metallo-Proteases 2/9 microRNAs-21/146a/221, specific effect was observed. This consisted marked geometrical remodeling, suppression Tissue Inhibitor Metallo-Protease-1, enhanced expression TGF-β1 BMP-2 mRNAs and, finally, upregulation microRNAs-138/200b/200c. addition, veins exposed showed increase density adventitial vasa vasorum co-expressing NG2, CD44 SM22α markers adventitia. Cells with nuclear Sox-10, transcription factor characterizing multipotent vascular stem cells, were finally vessels. Our findings suggest, for first time, role strain pro-pathologic pathways resulting vessels growth, gene products associated remodeling inflammation.