Virulence Characterization of Salmonella enterica by a New Microarray: Detection and Evaluation of the Cytolethal Distending Toxin Gene Activity in the Unusual Host S. Typhimurium

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135010
• Publication Date: 2015-08-05T18:05:41Z
• Authors: Rui Figueiredo; Roderick Card; Carla Nunes; Manal AbuOun; Mary C. Bagnall; Javier Nunez; Nuno Mendonça; Muna F. Anjum; Gabriela Jorge da...
• Keywords: Salmonella enterica; Prophage; Pathogenicity island

Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic foodborne pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans. We assessed the virulence potential of one-hundred and six strains isolated from food animals products. A high through-put genes microarray demonstrated Pathogenicity Islands (SPI) adherence were highly conserved, while prophages plasmid variably present. Isolates grouped by serotype, plasmids separated S. Typhimurium two clusters. Atypical results lead to whole genome sequencing (WGS) Infantis Sal147, which identified deletion thirty-eight SPI-1 genes. Sal147 was unable invade HeLa cells showed reduced mortality Galleria mellonella infection model, comparison harbouring Infantis. Microarray WGS Sal199, established for first time presence cdtB other Typhi-related Characterization Sal199 upstream transposase IS911, co-expressed with Cell cycle arrest, cytoplasmic distension, nuclear enlargement detected infected but not LT2. Increased on compared Thus, isolates rapidly characterized using microarray; helping identify unusual features corroborated further characterisation. This work demonstrates use suitable screening methods can help assess risk associated certain Incorporation such methodology into surveillance could reduce emergence epidemic strains.