Genetic Characterization and Classification of Human and Animal Sapoviruses

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156373
• Publication Date: 2016-05-26T17:39:07Z
• Authors: Tomoichiro Oka; Zhongyan Lu; Tung Phan; Eric L. Delwart; Linda J. Saif; Qiuhong Wang
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Science; Q; R; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Genome, Viral; Sapovirus; Viral Proteins; 03 medical and health sciences; Medicine; Animals; Humans; 5' Untranslated Regions; Research Article

Sapoviruses (SaVs) are enteric caliciviruses that have been detected in multiple mammalian species, including humans, pigs, mink, dogs, sea lions, chimpanzees, and rats. They show a high level of diversity. A SaV genome commonly encodes seven nonstructural proteins (NSs), the RNA polymerase protein NS7, two structural (VP1 VP2). We classified human animal SaVs into 15 genogroups (G) based on available VP1 sequences, three newly characterized genomes from this study. sequenced full length one new genogroup V (GV), GVII GVIII porcine using long range RT-PCR designed forward primers located conserved motifs putative NS3, also 5' RACE methods. determined 5'- 3'-ends lion GV canine GXIII SaV. Although complete genomic sequences GIX-GXII, GXV unavailable, common features include: 1) "GTG" at 5′-end genome, short (9~14 nt) 5′-untranslated region; 2) first five amino acids (M [A/V] S [K/R] P) NS1 (FEMEG) surrounding cleavage site between NS7 were among chimpanzee, pig (GV GVIII), lion, canine, SaVs. In contrast, these acid clearly different (GIII, GVI GVII), bat Our results suggest several genetic similarities to However, ability be transmitted humans animals is uncertain.