The epidemiology of chronic kidney disease and the association with non-communicable and communicable disorders in a population of sub-Saharan Africa

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205326
• Publication Date: 2018-10-31T17:38:27Z
• Authors: Nikolai C. Hodel; Ali Hamad; Claudia Praehauser; Grace Mwangoka; Irene Mndala Kasella; Klaus Reither; Salim Abdulla; Christoph F. R. Hatz; Michael Mayr
• Keywords: Albuminuria; Cross-sectional study

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), epidemiological data for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarce. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study including 952 patients in an outpatient clinic Tanzania to explore CKD prevalence estimates and the association with cardiovascular infectious disorders. According KDIGO, we measured albumin-to-creatinine ratio calculated eGFR using CKD-EPI formula. Factors associated were by logistic regression. Venn diagrams modelled visualize interaction between factors CKD. Overall, estimated was 13.6% (95% CI 11–16%). Ninety-eight (11.2%) 9–14%) categorized as moderate, 12 (1.4%) 0–4%) high, 9 (1%) 0–3%) very high risk according KDIGO. History of tuberculosis (OR 3.75, 95% 1.66–8.18; p = 0.001) schistosomiasis 2.49, 1.13–5.18; 0.02) A trend seen increasing systolic blood pressure 1.02 per 1 mmHg, 1.00–1.03; 0.01). Increasing BMI 0.92 1kg/m2, 0.88–0.96; <0.001) haemoglobin 0.82 1g/dL, 0.72–0.94; 0.004) reduction. Diabetes albuminuria 2.81, 1.26–6.00; 0.009). 85% all cases at least one four most common (hypertension, diabetes, anaemia, history or schistosomiasis) singular factor found 61%, two 14%, ≥3 10% cases. observed estimate that both classical neglected diseases might be semi-rural population SSA. Our finding provides further evidence hypothesis “double burden” non-communicable endemic affect health