Proteomic investigation of human skeletal muscle before and after 70 days of head down bed rest with or without exercise and testosterone countermeasures

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217690
• Publication Date: 2019-06-13T17:34:15Z
• Authors: E. Lichar Dillon; Kizhake V. Soman; John E. Wiktorowicz; Ria Sur; Daniel Jupiter; Christopher P. Da...; Kathleen M. Randolph; Charles R. Gilkison; William J. Durham; Randall J. Urban; Melinda Sheffield...
• Keywords: Myofilament

Introduction Long-term head-down bed rest (HDBR) results in musculoskeletal losses similar to those observed during long-term space flight. Agents such as testosterone, addition regular exercise, are effective countermeasures for reducing loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. Objective We investigated the proteome healthy men response long term HDBR alone (CON) with exercise (PEX) or plus testosterone (TEX) countermeasures. Method Biopsies were performed on vastus lateralis before (pre) days 32 (mid) 64 (post). Extracted proteins from these biopsies subjected 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE), stained phosphoproteins (Pro-Q Diamond dye) total (Sypro Ruby dye). Proteins showing significant fold differences (t-test p ≤ 0.05) abundance phosphorylation state at mid post identified by spectroscopy (MS). Results From a 932 protein spots, 130 spots potentially altered terms phosphoprotein levels due and/or countermeasures, 59 unique molecules emerged MS analysis. Top canonical pathways through IPA included calcium signaling, actin cytoskeleton integrin linked kinase (ILK) epithelial adherens junction signaling. Data pre-HDBR supported potential predicting physiological post-HDBR responses individual's vs. maintenance strength. Conclusions resulted alterations abundances several structural metabolic proteins. Inclusion combination treatment modulated proteomic towards cellular reorganization hypertrophy, respectively. Finally, baseline may aid development personalized mitigate health risks astronauts related