Environmental and economic effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236299
• Publication Date: 2020-07-21T18:20:17Z
• Authors: Yoomi Kim; Katsuya Tanaka; Shunji Matsuoka
• Keywords: Marginal abatement cost

This study investigates the environmental and economic impacts of Kyoto Protocol on Annex I parties through an impact assessment by combining propensity score matching difference-in-difference methods. We establish a country-level panel data set including CO2 emissions, gross domestic product (GDP), other socioeconomic for 1997–2008 2005–2008. Based evaluation, we conduct simulation predicting to capture differences marginal damage cost carbon emissions between actual counterfactual situations. The results suggest that participating as party has significant positive emission reductions, but negative GDP participants in long run. predicted benefit based shows reductions mitigates limited portion loss. Future global climate change frameworks should focus balancing performance order ensure sustainable development, especially developing countries have low capacity mitigate emissions.