Serum IgG titers to periodontal pathogens predict 3-month outcome in ischemic stroke patients

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237185
• Publication Date: 2020-08-06T18:57:43Z
• Authors: Shiro Aoki; Naohisa Hosomi; Hiromi Nishi; Masahiro Nakamori; Tomohisa Nezu; Yuji Shiga; Naoto Kinoshita; Hiroki Ueno; Kenichi Ishikawa; Eiji Imamura; Tomoaki Shintani; Hiroki Ohge; Hiroyuki Kawaguchi; Hidemi Kurihara; Hirofumi Maruyama
• Keywords: Aged, 80 and over; Male; Science; Q; R; Comorbidity; Middle Aged; Antibodies, Bacterial; Brain Ischemia; 3. Good health; Stroke; 03 medical and health sciences; Treatment Outcome; 0302 clinical medicine; Aggressive Periodontitis; Immunoglobulin G; Medicine; Humans; Female; Serologic Tests; Research Article; Aged

Several cohort studies have shown that periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk for stroke. However, it remains unclear whether serum antibody titers for a specific periodontal pathogen are associated with outcome after ischemic stroke, and which kinds of pathogens are associated with ischemic stroke. We examined the relationship between serum IgG titers to periodontal pathogens and outcome in ischemic stroke patients. A total of 445 patients with acute ischemic stroke (194 female [44.0%], mean age 71.9±12.3 years) were registered in this study. Serum IgG titers to 9 periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythensis, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens) were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. An unfavorable outcome was defined as a 3 or higher on the modified Rankin Scale. The proportion of patients with unfavorable outcome was 25.4% (113 patients). Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, numbers of IgG antibodies positive for periodontal pathogens (odds ratio 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.41, p = 0.03) were independent predictors of unfavorable outcome in ischemic stroke patients.