The incidence of acute respiratory infection in Indonesian infants and association with vitamin D deficiency

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248722
• Publication Date: 2021-03-23T17:56:35Z
• Authors: Vicka Oktaria; Margaret Danchin; Rina Triasih; Yati Soenarto; Julie E. Bines; Anne-Louise Ponsonby; Michael W. Clarke; Stephen M. Graham
• Keywords: Respiratory infection

Background Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in early life, but this not evaluated Indonesia. We aimed to determine the incidence of ARI Indonesian infants, and evaluate association vitamin deficiency. Methods From 23 December 2015 31 2017, we conducted a community-based prospective cohort study Yogyakarta province. enrolled 422 pregnant women followed their infants from birth until 12 months age for episodes. status was measured at six months. performed Cox proportional hazard regression analysis between pneumonia incidence. Results At completion, 95% (400/422) retained total 412 child years observation (CYO). The all WHO-defined 3.89 (95% CI 3.70–4.08) 0.25 0.21–0.30) episodes per CYO respectively. common (90%, 308/344) more frequent non-pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio 4.48, CI:1.04–19.34). or subsequent incidence, greater maternal sun exposure during pregnancy trend less infants. Conclusion ARI, pneumonia, were Minimising such as by supplementation mothers safe potential reduce setting.