Changing epidemiology of catheter-related bloodstream infections in neutropenic oncohematological patients

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251010
• Publication Date: 2021-04-30T17:30:33Z
• Authors: Dajana Lendak; Pedro Puerta-Alcalde; Estela Moreno-García; Mariana Chumbita; Nicole García-Pouton; Celia Cardozo; Laura Morata; Maria Suárez-Lledó; Marta Hernández-M...; Lucio Ghiglione; Francesc Marco; Jose Antonio Mart...; Josep Mensa; Ivana Urošević; Alex Soriano; Carolina Garcia-V...
• Keywords: Bacteremia

Background We aimed to describe the epidemiology of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) in onco-hematological neutropenic patients during a 25-year study period, evaluate risk factors for Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) CRBSI, as well rates inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatments (IEAT) and mortality. Materials/Methods All consecutive episodes CRBSIs were prospectively collected (1994–2018). Changing was evaluated comparing five-year time spans. A multivariate regression model built GNB CRBSIs. Results 482 monomicrobial documented. The proportion among all BSIs decreased over from 41.2% 15.8% (p<0.001). has been changing: rate increased (from 11.9% 29.4%; p<0.001), absolute number multidrug-resistant (MDR) 9.5% 40.0%; p = 0.039). P . aeruginosa comprised up 40% GNB. Independent related with GNB-CRBSIs were: longer duration in-situ catheter (OR 1.007; 95%CI 1.004–1.011), older age 1.016; 1.001–1.033), prior treatment penicillins 2.716; 1.306–5.403), current glycopeptides 1.931; 1.001–3.306). IEATs administered 30.7% patients, highest percentage MDR (76.9%) S maltophillia (92.9%). Mortality greater than GPC-CRBSI (14.4% vs 5.4%; 0.002), mortality increasing 4.5% 11.2%; 0.003). Conclusion significant shift towards observed. Secondarily, coinciding an GNB-MDR infections, time.