Respiratory Syncytial Virus Uses CX3CR1 as a Receptor on Primary Human Airway Epithelial Cultures

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005318
• Publication Date: 2015-12-14T17:59:47Z
• Authors: Sara M. Johnson; Beth A. McNally; Ioannis Ioannidis; Emilio Flano; Michael N. Teng; Antonius G. Oomens; Edward E. Walsh; Mark E. Peeples
• Keywords: CX3CR1

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory disease in infants, but no vaccine or effective therapy available. The initiation RSV infection immortalized cells largely dependent on cell surface heparan sulfate (HS), a receptor for attachment (G) glycoprotein cells. However, infects ciliated primary well differentiated human airway epithelial (HAE) cultures via apical surface, HS not detectable this surface. Here we show that soluble inhibits cells, HAE cultures, confirming cultures. Conversely, "non-neutralizing" monoclonal antibody against G protein does block inhibit This was previously shown to interaction between and chemokine CX3CR1 have mapped binding site CX3C motif its surrounding region protein. We present especially cilia. reduced by an mutations motif. Additionally, mice lacking are less susceptible infection. These findings demonstrate uses as cellular highlight importance using physiologically relevant model study entry neutralization.