Geographic Distribution of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Species Identified among Clinical Isolates in the United States, 2009–2013

• DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201611-860oc
• Publication Date: 2017-08-17T18:45:54Z
• Authors: Alicen B. Spaulding; Yi Ling Lai; Adrian M. Zelazny; Kenneth N. Olivier; Sameer S. Kadri; D. Rebecca Prevots; Jennifer Adjemian
• Keywords: Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Mycobacterium avium complex; Mycobacterium abscessus

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are an important cause of morbidity in the United States, although patient outcomes vary greatly by species. Currently, nationally representative data on distribution mycobacterial species from clinical isolates limited.Using a national hospitalization database capturing microbiologic for nearly 6 million encounters, we describe geographic of, and demographic features associated with, States.Linked Premier Healthcare Database were extracted all encounters 2009 to 2013. Patients with at least one positive potentially pathogenic nontuberculous culture identified as cases. The period prevalence was calculated, patient-, encounter-, hospital-level factors analyzed. Regional differences analyzed; subanalysis conducted among patients International Classification Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes pulmonary disease. Significant assessed (P < 0.05).Of 5,928,830 unique included during 5-year study period, 7,812 (0.13%) had culture. mean age cases 64 years (range, <1-89 yr), most female (52%) white (70%). Hospitals more often labeled "urban" (96%), "teaching" (56%), 500 beds (78%). Species differed significantly area. Mycobacterium avium complex ranged 61 91% frequent South Northeast regions; M. abscessus/M. chelonae 2 18% West; other species, including fortuitum kansasii, 7 26% also West.Significant variation exists States. Whereas common isolated South, proportionately higher West. Greater awareness regions increased levels harder-to-treat needed, given treatment options implications outcomes.