Optimizing vulcanized natural rubber: the role of phenolic natural antioxidants and ionizing radiation

• DOI: 10.1515/ract-2025-0023
• Publication Date: 2025-04-14T08:15:40Z
• Authors: Khaled F. El-Nemr; Hamdi Radi; Adel A. Koriem; Eman M. Hamdy; Aman I. Khalaf

Abstract Phenolic antioxidants (PhA), a novel antioxidant for natural rubber (NR), were used in the current study. As anti-aging agents, different concentrations of gallic acid (G) or tannic (T) added to NR/PhA composites increase their heat resistance. The composites’ mechanical, Physico-chemical, and DSC characteristics evaluated, as well thermo-oxidative aging evaluations. This led significant improvement mechanical properties composites, making them superior NR/Antage (as traditional antioxidant) composites. Additionally, addition phenolic raised crosslinking density NR which significantly impacted characteristics. According findings, enhanced NR/silica resistance solvent extraction aging, much like Antage. Upon ionizing irradiation, vulcanized rise with increasing absorbed dose at 10 kGy then decrease 30 kGy.