N 6 ‐methyladenosine modification of lncRNA Pvt1 governs epidermal stemness

• DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106276
• Publication Date: 2021-03-17T15:47:46Z
• Authors: Jimmy Lee; Yuchen Wu; Bryan T Harada; Yuanyuan Li; Jing Zhao; Chuan He; Yanlei Ma; Xiaoyang Wu
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Wound Healing; 0303 health sciences; Adenosine; Stem Cells; Guinea Pigs; Cell Differentiation; Methyltransferases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; Epidermal Cells; Animals; RNA, Long Noncoding; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; Cells, Cultured; Protein Binding

Dynamic chemical modifications of RNA represent novel and fundamental mechanisms that regulate stemness and tissue homeostasis. Rejuvenation and wound repair of mammalian skin are sustained by epidermal progenitor cells, which are localized within the basal layer of the skin epidermis. N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) is one of the most abundant modifications found in eukaryotic mRNA and lncRNA (long noncoding RNA). In this report, we survey changes of m6 A RNA methylomes upon epidermal differentiation and identify Pvt1, a lncRNA whose m6 A modification is critically involved in sustaining stemness of epidermal progenitor cells. With genome-editing and a mouse genetics approach, we show that ablation of m6 A methyltransferase or Pvt1 impairs the self-renewal and wound healing capability of skin. Mechanistically, methylation of Pvt1 transcripts enhances its interaction with MYC and stabilizes the MYC protein in epidermal progenitor cells. Our study presents a global view of epitranscriptomic dynamics that occur during epidermal differentiation and identifies the m6 A modification of Pvt1 as a key signaling event involved in skin tissue homeostasis and wound repair.