Incidence of Monkeypox Among Unvaccinated Persons Compared with Persons Receiving ≥1 JYNNEOS Vaccine Dose — 32 U.S. Jurisdictions, July 31–September 3, 2022

• DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7140e3
• Publication Date: 2022-09-30T14:16:23Z
• Authors: Amanda B. Payne; Logan C. Ray; Kiersten J. Kugeler; Amy Fothergill; Elizabeth B. White; Michelle Canning; Jennifer L. Farrar; Leora R. Feldstein; Adi V. Gundlapalli; Kennedy Houck; Jennifer L. Kriss; Nathaniel M. Lewis; Emily Sims; Dawn K. Smith; Ian H. Spicknall; Yoshinori Nakazawa; Inger K. Damon; Amanda C. Cohn; Daniel C. Payne
• Keywords: Monkeypox

Human monkeypox is caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV), an Orthopoxvirus, previously rare in the United States (1). The first U.S. case of during current outbreak was identified on May 17, 2022 (2). As September 28, 2022, a total 25,341 cases have been reported States.* has disproportionately affected gay, bisexual, and other men who sex with (MSM) (3). JYNNEOS vaccine (Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine, Bavarian Nordic), administered subcutaneously as 2-dose (0.5 mL per dose) series doses 4 weeks apart, approved Food Drug Administration (FDA) 2019 to prevent smallpox infection (4). distribution postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for persons known exposures MPXV began 2022. A national vaccination strategy† expanded PEP, announced June recommended subcutaneous or presumed exposure MPXV, broadening eligibility. FDA emergency use authorization (EUA) intradermal administration 0.1 August 9, increased supply (5). most PEP PEP. Because limited amount time that elapsed since initial doses, relatively few completed series.§ To examine incidence among were unvaccinated those had received ≥1 dose, 5,402 occurring males¶ aged 18-49 years July 31-September 3, analyzed status across 32 jurisdictions.** Average (cases 100,000) 14.3 (95% CI = 5.0-41.0) times 1 dose ≥14 days earlier. Monitoring timely surveillance data might provide early indications vaccine-related protection can be confirmed through well-controlled effectiveness studies. This finding suggests single provides some against infection. degree durability such unknown, it people are eligible receive complete series.