The Role of Ion Channels Expressed in Cerebral Endothelial Cells in the Functional Integrity of the Blood-Brain Barrier (Review)

• DOI: 10.17691/stm2016.8.4.29
• Publication Date: 2016-12-27T14:10:44Z
• Authors: A.N. Shuvaev; N.V. Kuvacheva; A.V. Morgun; E.D. Khilazheva; A.B. Salmina
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; 0303 health sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; НЕЙРОВАСКУЛЯТОРНАЯ ЕДИНИЦА,ЦЕРЕБРАЛЬНЫЕ ЭНДОТЕЛИАЛЬНЫЕ КЛЕТКИ,ИОННЫЕ КАНАЛЫ,ГЕМАТОЭНЦЕФАЛИЧЕСКИЙ БАРЬЕР,NEUROVASCULAR UNIT,BRAIN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS,ION CHANNELS,BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; neurovascular unit; brain endothelial cells; ion channels; blood-brain barrier

All anatomical elements contributing to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) play a crucial role in maintaining permeability and CNS homeostasis under physiological/pathological conditions.These are endothelial cells, pericytes, astroglia, neurons that known as neurovascular unit (NVU).Being integral system, NVU contributes regulation of neuroplasticity, neurogenesis, intercellular communications BBB.Brain capillary cells (BCEC) very important part NVU.In this review, we discuss critical BCEC ion channels BBB structural functional integrity.In last decades, much attention has been paid expression tight junctions adherence whereas less number studies was focused on functioning BCEC, however, there is growing evidence supporting their NVU/BBB functions.In general, electrophysiological properties depend various whose activity, presumably, coordinates communication within NVU.Particularly, focus channels-dependent mechanisms functioning, arteriole smooth muscle dynamic modulation, changes regional cerebral blood flow.We put special ligand-gated channels, store-operated calcium TRP calcium-activated, voltage-gated potassium BCEC.Understanding channel signaling control flow will helps reveal potential therapeutic targets recover integrity different pathological conditions (ischemia, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration) both vivo vitro models.