Plant diversity and transcriptional variability assessed by retrotransposon-based molecular markers

• DOI: 10.18699/vj17.231
• Publication Date: 2017-03-27T05:16:38Z
• Authors: R. N. Kalendar; K. S. Aizharkyn; O. N. Khapilina; A. A. Amenov; D. S. Tagimanova
• Keywords: Retrotransposon

Molecular markers have become crucial part of genetics due to their use in various branches it, such as positional cloning, which includes identification genes responsible for desired traits and management backcrossing programs, well modern plant breeding, human forensics. Retrotransposons are a major component all eukaryotic genomes, makes them suited molecular markers. The retrotransposons comprise most large genomes among plants; differences prevalence explain the variation genome size. These ubiquitous transposable elements scattered replicative transposition allows insert itself into without deletion original elements. Retrotransposon activity can occur during development, cell differentiation stress, source chromatin instability genomic rearrangements. Both overall structure domains phases replication highly conserved eukaryotes. A high proportion retroelements lost autonomous ability, either by point mutations and/or deletions, many seem embody defective with deletions. Various marker systems been developed that exploit nature these genetic property stable integration dispersed chromosomal loci polymorphic within species. utility LTR-retrotransposon-based markers, not only analysis map construction, addition also isolation characterization LTR retrotransposons, long terminal repeats or internal they contain. This review encompasses description range retrotransposon-based established plants evaluation role retrotransposon diversity