Tuberculosis Reactivation in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Preemptive Strategy in an Endemic Country

• DOI: 10.20944/preprints202406.0458.v1
• Publication Date: 2024-06-07T10:49:47Z
• Authors: Karen Pellon-Téllez; Omar Eduardo Fern...; Patricia Cornejo-...; Alexandra Martin-...; Luis Felipe Rubal...; Rosa Adriana Alvi...; Andrés Yesid Boni...; Luis Valero-Saldaña; Brenda Lizeth Aco...
• Keywords: Immunosuppression; QuantiFERON

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health issue, particularly in developing countries. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are at elevated risk for TB due to immunosuppression. This retrospective study (2005-2022) assessed preemptive latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and treatment strategy 338 HSCT their donors. Screening included tuberculin skin test (TST) or QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT), pulmonary imaging, with positive cases receiving isoniazid (INH) therapy. Statistical analyses aimed compare reactivation rates, overall survival (OS), relapse-free (RFS) across groups. Of patients, 92 (27%) were diagnosed LTBI. involved TST 325 QFT 13. INH therapy was completed by 81 5 discontinuing hepatotoxicity. The cumulative incidence of active 0.6%, LTBI rate patients who received 1.2%. status did not affect OS RFS. Our exemplifies the effectiveness protocols incorporating TST/QFT CT-scan testing, followed therapy, reducing among high-burden region.