Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Young, Low-Income Women: The Role of Sexually Transmitted Infection as a Potential Cofactor for HCV Infection

• DOI: 10.2105/ajph.92.4.670
• Publication Date: 2008-12-02T00:04:35Z
• Authors: Kimberly A. Page-...; Barbara Cahoon-Young; Jeffrey D. Klausner; Scott Morrow; Fred Molitor; Juan Ruiz; Willi McFarland
• Keywords: Adult; Adolescent; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; California; 03 medical and health sciences; Risk-Taking; 0302 clinical medicine; Risk Factors; Ethnicity; Prevalence; Humans; Substance Abuse, Intravenous; Poverty; Minority Groups; Data Collection; 1. No poverty; Hepatitis C; 3. Good health; Cross-Sectional Studies; Socioeconomic Factors; Multivariate Analysis; Women's Health; Female

Objectives. We evaluated risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in women residing in low-income neighborhoods of northern California. Methods. A population-based sample of 1707 women, aged 18 to 29, were surveyed and screened for sexually transmitted infections and HCV. Results. Women infected with HCV (2.5%) were more likely to have a history of injection and noninjection drug use, to exchange sex for money or drugs, and to have sexually transmitted infections. HCV was independently associated with history of injection drug use, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection, and heroin and cocaine use. Conclusions. Injection drug use is the highest risk exposure for HCV, but HSV-2 and noninjection drug use contribute significantly to increased risk. HCV prevention programs in impoverished areas should integrate drug treatment and sexually transmitted infection control.