Association between Smoking and Academic Performance among Under-Graduate Students of Pakistan, A Cross-Sectional Study

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.2.12718/v1
• Publication Date: 2019-08-14T04:14:21Z
• Authors: Sana Ullah; Siham Sikander; Mudassar Mushtaq ...; Syed Aftab Rahim; Babar Hayat; Zaeem Ul Haq; Iftikhar Ahmad
• Keywords: Cross-sectional study; Odds; Association (psychology)

Abstract Background Prevalence of smoking is on the rise and its harmful effects every organ body are well known. Smoking a growing concern due to adverse health, association with academic performance not studied. Objectives This study aims assess prevalence among undergraduate students age 18-24 years in public sector university Islamabad, between also reasons initiation students. Methods The included 500 A self-report structured questionnaire was used smoking, dietary habits, physical activity, parent’s friend’s time spent mobile TV for collection data. Logistic regression performance. Results show that 112/500 (22.4%) were smokers them 93/112 (34.6%) males 19/112 (8.2%) females. mean participants 21.50 (SD: 1.72. higher belonging rural areas 23.5% urban 21.9%. Three major initiation; 25% stated peers friends, 21% easy availability while 14% said it fun enjoyment they started smoking. High found be inversely proportional student’s smoking; at p-value 0.000 had 2.5 (1.77, 3.74) odds lower performance, boys having 2.17 (1.56, 3.03) last semester exams. Conclusion Findings highlighted extensive cigarette Islamabad. significantly negatively associated