Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.2.21186/v2
• Publication Date: 2020-04-24T00:47:23Z
• Authors: Mandeep Kaur; Pooja Chadha; Sanehdeep Kaur; Amarjeet Kaur; Rajvir Kaur
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Hemocytes; Polyphagous insects-pest; Plant Science; Toxicology; Schizophyllum commune; Biochemistry; Agricultural and Biological Sciences; Basidiomycetes fungi; Fungus; 0303 health sciences; Ecology; Life Sciences; Spodoptera litura; Catalase; Endophytic Colonization; QR1-502; Enzymes; Chemistry; Larva; Insect Proteins; Medicine; Antioxidant enzymes; Insect Symbiosis and Microbial Interactions; Botanical Insecticides in Agriculture and Pest Management; Antioxidant; Immunosuppressive Agents; Research Article; Superoxide dismutase; Schizophyllum; Spodoptera; Microbiology; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; 03 medical and health sciences; Animals; Biology; Biological Products; Haemocytes; Botany; Traditional medicine; Entomopathogenic Fungi as Biocontrol Agents; Pesticide; Oxidative Stress; Oxidative stress; Insect Science; FOS: Biological sciences; Glutathione peroxidase; Pest Control; Biopesticide

Abstract Background: In the last few decades, considerable attention has been paid to fungal endophytes as biocontrol agents, however little is known about their mode of action. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of an endophytic fungus Schizophyllum commune by analyzing activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes as well as morphology of haemocytes using Spodoptera litura as a model. Results: Ethyl acetate extract of S.commune was fed to the larvae of S.litura using the artificial diet having 276.54µg/ml (LC 50 of fungus) concentration for different time durations. Exposed groups revealed, significant (p≤0.05) increase in the activities of various enzymes viz. Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-S-Transferase. Furthermore, haemocytes showed various deformities like breakage in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic leakage and appearance of strumae in the treated larvae. A drastic reduction in the percentage of normal haemocytes was recorded in the treated groups with respect to control. Conclusion: The study provides important information regarding the oxidative stress causing and immunosuppressant potential of S.commune against S.litura and its considerable potential for incorporation in pest management programmes.