Diversity, distribution and conservation of crocodiles (Order: Crocodylia) in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6183800/v1
• Publication Date: 2025-03-31T06:37:49Z
• Authors: Cristian Pizzigalli; Aissa Regalla; Ana Filipa Palmeirim; Luís Palma; Manuel Lopes-Lima; Orly Razgour; Raquel Godinho; William Alexandre...; José Carlos Brito
• Keywords: New guinea

<title>Abstract</title> Challenges in freshwater organism conservation West Africa are worsened by significant knowledge gaps, even for charismatic species like crocodiles. This study addresses these gaps assessing crocodile diversity, distribution, and threats Guinea-Bissau, where existing data is outdated. We used visual surveys, inquiries, molecular barcoding, camera trapping, bibliographic reviews to investigate populations. Notably, we found evidence suggesting the Nile (<italic>Crocodylus niloticus</italic>), previously thought extinct since about 200 years, may persist Cacheu region (Guinea-Bissau). also confirmed presence of African suchus</italic>) major river basins coastal lagoons, including Bijagós Archipelago, dwarf (<italic>Osteolaemus cf tetraspis</italic>) southern mainland Archipelago. Habitat loss deliberate killings were identified as threats. Standardized surveys genetic sampling essential assess population size, connectivity, informing evolutionary studies planning. Conservation efforts should prioritize habitat protection through community-managed reserves restoration initiatives. Additionally, engaging local communities raise awareness develop conflict mitigation strategies crucial, particularly areas with human-crocodile interactions.