The role of surfactants in the formulation of elastic liposomal gels containing a synthetic opioid analgesic

• DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s100253
• Publication Date: 2016-04-11T00:06:27Z
• Authors: Thomas Webster; Sima Singh; Harsh Vardhan; Niranjan Kotla; Balaji Maddiboyina; Dinesh Sharma
• Keywords: transfersomes; tramadol; Medicine (General); Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Compounding; Skin Absorption; carriers; occlusion; Administration, Cutaneous; Excipients; Surface-Active Agents; R5-920; 0404 agricultural biotechnology; elastic liposome; International Journal of Nanomedicine; estradiol; skin delivery; skin in-vitro; Animals; Particle Size; topical application; Original Research; Skin; Drug Carriers; hydration-gradient; 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences; Elasticity; Rats; lipid vesicles; 3. Good health; Analgesics, Opioid; Solubility; Liposomes; transport; hydrogel; delivery; permeability; Gels; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions

Transdermal drug delivery systems have made significant contributions to the medical community, but yet completely substitute oral or parenteral delivery. Recently, various strategies been used augment transdermal of therapeutics. Primarily, they include iontophoresis, electrophoresis, sonophoresis, chemical permeation enhancers, microneedles, and vesicular systems. Among these strategies, elastic liposomes appear promising. Elastic vesicle scaffolds developed evaluated as novel topical systems, with an infrastructure consisting hydrophobic hydrophilic moieties together, a result, such can accommodate molecules wide range solubility. High deformability vesicles provides for better penetration intact vesicles. This system is much more efficient at delivering low- high-molecular-weight drugs skin in terms quantity depth. In this work, Tramadol HCl were prepared using solvent evaporation method different surfactants characterized microscopy, particle size, shape, content, ex vivo release, zeta potential also calculated. The found be 152.4 nm -22.4 mV; entrapment efficiencies selected formulation was 79.71%±0.27%. All formulations form gel physicochemical properties homogeneous no grittiness, pH all neutral. optimized liposomal followed Higuchi equation Fickian diffusion released period 24 hours. overall results provide promise continued investigation deformable carriers.