Lipid nanoparticles for topical and transdermal application for alopecia treatment: development, physicochemical characterization, and in vitro release and penetration studies

• DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s45561
• Publication Date: 2014-03-10T02:31:13Z
• Authors: Salette Reis; Maria Joao Gomes; Susana Martins; Domingos Ferreira; Marcela Alves Seg...
• Keywords: Minoxidil; Sonication; Solid lipid nanoparticle; Penetration (warfare); Zeta potential

Alopecia is a dermatological disorder, commonly known as hair loss, which affects up to half of the Caucasian male population by middle age, and almost all (95%) men old age. Considering that alopecia so many people there currently no scientifically proven treatment with few side effects, new drug-delivery systems able improve therapy are urgently required. With this purpose in mind, present study aimed develop lipid nanoparticles (nanostructured carriers) ability incorporate deliver anti-alopecia active compounds (minoxidil finasteride) into dermis follicles. Lipid nanoparticles, prepared ultrasonication method, showed mean particle sizes around 200 nm, sufficient for reaching follicles, zeta potential values -30 mV, indicates good physical stability. Over 28 days storage, significant variations these parameters were observed, nanoformulations stable storage over period. Cryo-scanning electron microscope measurements exhibited spherical shape smooth surface regardless their composition. Differential scanning calorimetry studies allowed determination phase transition temperatures confirmed recrystallization (recrystallization index between 11% 86%). A high loading efficiency was achieved finasteride (between 70% 90%), while less than 30% minoxidil days. Controlled release assays physiological conditions demonstrated loaded yielded prolonged release, desired. Penetration through pig ear skin had low levels penetration. These results suggest proposed novel formulation presents several characteristics indicating suitability dermal delivery compounds.