The Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale: comparison scores from 27 sites in 22 countries

• DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2021.108
• Publication Date: 2021-09-28T16:40:15Z
• Authors: Justin Stoler; Joshua D. Miller; Ellis A. Adams; Farooq Ahmed; Mallika Alexander; Gershim Asiki; Mobolanle Balogun; Michael J. Boivin; Alexandra Brewis; Genny Carrillo; Kelly Chapman; Stroma Cole; Shalean M. Collins; Jorge Escobar-Vargas; Hassan Eini-Zinab; Matthew C. Freeman; Monet Ghorbani; Ashley Hagaman; Nicola Hawley; Zeina Jamaluddine; Wendy E. Jepson; Divya Krishnakumar; Kenneth Maes; Jyoti Mathad; Jonathan Maupin; Patrick Mbullo Owuor; Milton Marin Morales; Javier Morán-Mart...; Nasrin Omidvar; Amber L. Pearson; Sabrina Rasheed; Asher Y. Rosinger; Luisa Samayoa-Fig...; Ernesto C. Sánche...; Marianne V. Santoso; Roseanne C. Schuster; Mahdieh Sheikhi; Sonali Srivastava; Chad Staddon; Andrea Sullivan; Yihenew Tesfaye; Alex Trowell; Desire Tshala-Kat...; Raymond Tutu; Cassandra L. Workman; Amber Wutich; Sera L. Young
• Keywords: 2. Zero hunger; Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health; 1. No poverty; global health; Development; Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering; Pollution; 6. Clean water; metrics; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; water insecurity; 11. Sustainability; measurement; Waste Management and Disposal; TD1-1066; Water Science and Technology

Abstract Household survey data from 27 sites in 22 countries were collected 2017–2018 order to construct and validate a cross-cultural household-level water insecurity scale. The resultant Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale presents useful tool for monitoring evaluating interventions as complement traditional metrics used by the development community. It can also help track progress toward achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 6 ‘clean sanitation all’. We present HWISE scores comparative future studies using low- middle-income contexts. Site-level mean HWISE-12 (scored 0–36) ranged 1.64 (SD 4.22) Pune, India, 20.90 (7.50) Cartagena, Colombia, while site-level HWISE-4 0–12) 0.51 (1.50) 8.21 (2.55) Punjab, Pakistan. Scores tended be higher dry season expected. Data this first implementation demonstrate diversity within across communities situate findings applications tool.