Evaluating the Efficacy of a Social Media–Based Intervention (Warna-Warni Waktu) to Improve Body Image Among Young Indonesian Women: Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial

• DOI: 10.2196/42499
• Publication Date: 2023-01-12T23:52:55Z
• Authors: Kirsty M Garbett; Sharon Haywood; Nadia Craddock; Caterina Gentili; Kholisah Nasution; L Ayu Saraswati; Bernie Endyarni M...; Paul White; Phillippa C Diedr...; Heidi Williamson
• Keywords: Original Paper; Adolescent; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics; Emotions; R858-859.7; Personal Satisfaction; 16. Peace & justice; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Indonesia; Body Image; Humans; Female; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Social Media

Background Body dissatisfaction is a global issue, particularly among adolescent girls and young women. Effective body image interventions exist but face barriers to scaling up, in lower- middle-income countries, such as Indonesia, where need exists. Objective We aimed evaluate the acceptability efficacy of Warna-Warni Waktu, social media–based, fictional 6-episode video series with self-guided web-based activities for improving Indonesian hypothesized that Waktu would increase trait satisfaction mood decrease internalization appearance ideals skin shade relative waitlist control condition. also anticipated improvements state immediately following each video. Methods conducted web-based, 2-arm randomized controlled trial 2000 women, aged 15 19 years, recruited via telephone by an research agency. Block randomization (1:1 allocation) was performed. Participants researchers were not concealed from arm. completed self-report assessments (primary outcome) ideals, mood, at baseline (before randomization), time 2 (1 day after intervention [T2]), 3 month [T3]). measures before Data evaluated using linear mixed models intent-to-treat analysis. Intervention adherence tracked. Acceptability data collected. Results There 1847 participants. Relative condition (n=923), group (n=924) showed reduced T2 (F1,1758=40.56, P<.001, partial η2=0.022) T3 (F1,1782=54.03, η2=0.03) (F1,1744=8.05, P=.005, η2=0.005). Trait occurred (F1, 1781=9.02, η2=0.005), which completely mediated change scores between (indirect effect: β=.03, 95% CI 0.017-0.041; direct P=.13), consistent Tripartite Influence Model dissatisfaction. no significant effects. Dependent sample t tests (2-tailed) found improved mood. Cumulative analyses progressive pre- poststate good; participants watched average 5.2 (SD 1.66) videos. high understandability, enjoyment, age appropriateness, usefulness, likelihood recommend. Conclusions effective eHealth reduce Although effects small, scalable, cost-effective alternative more intense interventions. Initially, dissemination through paid media advertising will reach thousands Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05383807, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05383807 ; ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN35483207, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN35483207 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/33596