Mapping the Landscape of Digital Health Intervention Strategies: 25-Year Synthesis (Preprint)

• DOI: 10.2196/preprints.59027
• Publication Date: 2025-01-13T15:45:42Z
• Authors: Shiyu Liu; Jingru Ma; Meichen Sun; Chao Zhang; Yujing Gao; Jinghong Xu
• Keywords: Preprint; Digital Health

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Digital health interventions have emerged as promising tools to promote behavior change and improve outcomes. However, a comprehensive synthesis of strategies contributing these is lacking. </sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aims (1) identify categorize the used in digital over past 25 years; (2) explore differences changes across time periods, countries, populations, delivery methods, senders; (3) serve valuable reference for future researchers practitioners effectiveness interventions. <title>METHODS</title> followed systematic review approach, complemented by close reading text coding. A search published English academic papers from PubMed, Web Science, Scopus was conducted. The employed combination intervention-related terms, along with database-specific subject headings filters. span covered years, January 1, 1999, March 10, 2024. Sample were selected based on design, intervention details, strategies. identified categorized principles Behavior Change Techniques Strategies. <title>RESULTS</title> total 885 involving 954,847 participants met eligibility criteria. We 173 unique interventions, into 19 themes. 3 most frequently sample “guide” (n=492, 55.6%), “monitor” (n=490, 55.4%), “communication” (n=392, 44.3%). number each paper ranged 1 32. Most targeted clients (n=844, 95.4%) carried out hospitals (n=268, 30.3%). High-income countries demonstrated substantially higher diversity than low- middle-income studies targeting public (n=647, 73.1%) far exceeded those focusing vulnerable groups (n=238, 26.9%). <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> undergone considerable development years. They evolved simple approaches sophisticated, personalized techniques are trending toward multifaceted leveraging advanced technologies real-time monitoring feedback. Future should focus rigorous evaluations, long-term effectiveness, tailored diverse more attention be given groups.