Privacy Concerns Regarding Personal Health Information in Myanmar: A Cross-Sectional Survey in a Least Developed Country (Preprint)

• DOI: 10.2196/preprints.71693
• Publication Date: 2025-01-24T09:33:16Z
• Authors: Khaing Zin Zin Htwe; Saranath Lawpoolsri; Ngamphol Soonthor...; Panithee Thammawi...; Jaranit Kaewkungwal
• Keywords: Preprint; Cross-sectional study; Cross country

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Protecting personal health information (PHI) has long been a key ethical concern in healthcare, but with the rise of eHealth systems, privacy concerns have intensified. In least developed countries (LDCs) like Myanmar, where digital literacy is low, public and governmental awareness issues limited, data protection laws are lacking, PHI challenges remain largely unaddressed understudied. </sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aimed to assess extent related (PHIPC) Myanmar identify factors influencing these concerns. <title>METHODS</title> A cross-sectional design was employed, using questionnaire measure PHIPC across six domains: Collection, Errors, Unauthorized Secondary Use, Improper Access, Control, Awareness. The survey distributed via social media shared patients, attendants, healthcare staff at two clinics Myanmar. Confirmatory factor analysis validated questionnaire, logistic regression identified associated PHIPC. <title>RESULTS</title> total 424 valid responses were collected. rated moderate level all domains, except for which lower level. Respondents more concerned about management—such as errors, misuse, access control than collection itself. most significant individuals' perceived status Those higher those who viewed themselves healthier tended report Sociodemographic such age, gender, education level, urban versus rural residence did not significantly influence overall However, they played role certain domains. Furthermore, individuals had heard Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) lacked clear understanding them less likely express high errors compared unaware EMRs. <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> underscores need strong protections trust-building Myanmar’s platforms. findings serve crucial foundation shaping future technologies once country achieves stability. To ensure effective development, adoption, implementation it imperative address through well-defined policies, open communication, management practices. These insights extend beyond providing valuable lessons other nations navigating similar sector.