Hyperglycemia Potentiates the Slowing of Gastric Emptying Induced by Exogenous GLP-1
Blood Glucose
Male
Infusions
610
03 medical and health sciences
gastric emptying
0302 clinical medicine
Double-Blind Method
Gastrointestinal Agents
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Diabetes Mellitus
blood glucose
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents
Insulin
Infusions, Intravenous
Aged
Analysis of Variance
Middle Aged
Healthy Volunteers
6. Clean water
3. Good health
Glucose
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Gastric Emptying
Hyperglycemia
Female
hyperglycemia
Intravenous
Type 2
DOI:
10.2337/dc14-3091
Publication Date:
2015-03-18T02:33:18Z
AUTHORS (8)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE
Acute hyperglycemia markedly slows gastric emptying. Exogenous GLP-1 also slows gastric emptying, leading to diminished glycemic excursions. The primary objective was to determine whether hyperglycemia potentiates the slowing of gastric emptying induced by GLP-1 administration.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Ten healthy participants were studied on 4 separate days. Blood glucose was clamped at hyperglycemia using an intravenous infusion of 25% dextrose (∼12 mmol/L; hyper) on 2 days, or maintained at euglycemia (∼6 mmol/L; eu) on 2 days, between t = −15 and 240 min. During hyperglycemic and euglycemic days, participants received intravenous GLP-1 (1.2 pmol/kg/min) and placebo in a randomized double-blind fashion. At t = 0 min, subjects ingested 100 g beef mince labeled with 20 MBq technetium-99m–sulfur colloid and 3 g 3-O-methyl-glucose (3-OMG), a marker of glucose absorption. Gastric emptying was measured scintigraphically from t = 0 to 240 min and serum 3-OMG taken at regular intervals from t = 15 to 240 min. The areas under the curve for gastric emptying and 3-OMG were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni-Holm adjusted post hoc tests.
RESULTS
Hyperglycemia slowed gastric emptying (eu/placebo vs. hyper/placebo; P < 0.001) as did GLP-1 (eu/placebo vs. eu/GLP-1; P < 0.001). There was an additive effect of GLP-1 and hyperglycemia, such that gastric emptying was markedly slower compared with GLP-1 administration during euglycemia (eu/GLP-1 vs. hyper/GLP-1; P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Acute administration of exogenous GLP-1 profoundly slows gastric emptying during hyperglycemia in excess of the slowing induced by GLP-1 during euglycemia. Studies are required to determine the effects of hyperglycemia on gastric emptying with the subcutaneously administered commercially available GLP-1 agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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CITATIONS (31)
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