Poor In Utero Growth and Reduced β-Cell Compensation and High Fasting Glucose from Childhood Are Harbingers of Glucose Intolerance in Young Indians

• DOI: 10.2337/figshare.16606415.v1
• Publication Date: 2021-10-05T21:56:43Z
• Authors: Chittaranjan S Ya...; Souvik Bandopadhyay; Aboli Bhalerao; Dattatray S Bhat; Sanat B Phatak; Rucha H Wagh; Pallavi C Yajnik; Anand Pandit; Sheila Bhave; Kurus Coyaji; Kalyanaraman Kumaran; Clive Osmond; Caroline HD Fall
• Keywords: Underweight

<i>Objective</i> <p>India is a double world capital for early life undernutrition and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to characterise lifecourse growth metabolic trajectories in those developing glucose intolerance as young adults, the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS). </p> <p><i>Research design Methods</i></p> <p>PMNS community-based intergenerational birth cohort established 1993, with serial information on parents children through pregnancy, childhood adolescence. compared normal tolerant intolerant participants growth, estimates of insulin sensitivity secretion (HOMA dynamic indices) beta cell compensation accounting prevailing sensitivity. <b><i></i></b></p> <p><i>Results</i></p> <p>At 18 years (N=619) 37% men 20% women were (184 prediabetes, 1 diabetes) despite 48% being underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Glucose had higher fasting from childhood. Mothers glycemia pregnancy. shorter at birth. Insulin decreased age all participants, consistently lower compensatory Participants highest quintile 6 12 2.5- 4.0-fold risk respectively 18-year intolerance; this finding was replicated two other cohorts. <p><i>Conclusion</i></p> Inadequate secretory response decreasing major pathophysiology underlying thin rural Indians. Smaller size, maternal pregnancy hyperglycemia, herald future intolerance, mandating strategy diabetes prevention life, preferably intergenerationally.