Formulation and Evaluation of Gambier (Uncaria gambir)-Chitosan Microparticle Intranasal Delivery for Alzheimer’s Diseases

• DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.284-298
• Publication Date: 2024-04-02T16:25:15Z
• Authors: Najma Annuria Fithri; Mardiyanto Mardiy...; Fitrya Fitrya; Asfaraeni Rahmah; Novilia Megi Annisa
• Keywords: Microparticle

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), the most common form of dementia continues to be deadliest neuro degenerative disease in recent years. Despite significant efforts mitigate progression disease, there is no known cure and development towards a more effective treatment still lacking. AD marked by exceptionally low amount acetylcholine brain, formation tau protein, amyloid beta plaque. Current drugs choice for treating AD, namely donepezil memantine, are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors which focused on delaying onset cognitive decline maintaining concentration. Gambier water extract (GWE) contains high level polyphenols act as an antioxidant, exhibit strong correlation with AChE inhibitor. The aim this research formulate encapsulate GWE inside microparticle system composed chitosan different crosslinkers, STPP (IMGS) CaCl2 (IMGC), were then characterized inhibitor using Ellman’s method. Variations formula designed following Box-Behnken experimental design crosslinker concentration, type, stirring speed variables. Initial activity GWE, IMGS IMGC antioxidant confirmed DPPH method, obtaining 88.01, 82.11, 84.99% inhibition at 100 ppm respectively. Promisingly, concentration demonstrated 30.36%. However, reduced after encapsulation into IMGC, 14.63% 18.65% inhibition, can linked relatively sustained diffusion from polymer matrix. profile showed release 23.24% 21.89% 6 hours, increase 24 hours 74.92% 71.19% showing behaviour, both ex-vivo significantly improved when compared only diffused 51.84% hours. This result indicates polymeric carrier could gambier through nasal mucous membrane, improving potential penetrate brain systemic circulation. Combined desirable intranasal delivery characteristics, was able demonstrate promising therapy.