First case of mpox due to monkeypox virus clade Ia infection detected outside Africa

• DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/f7eu8_v1
• Publication Date: 2025-05-09T18:06:40Z
• Authors: Cian Dowling-Cullen; Laura Fahey; Michael Carr; Brian Keogan; Josephine Hebert; Siti Mardhiah Muh...; Jane Stapleton; Allison Deane; Elizabeth O'Donoghue; Colette Reilly; Christine Kelly; Eavan G Muldoon; Margaret O'Sullivan; Anne Sheahan; Suzanne Cotter; Mary O'Meara; Eoghan de Barra; Éamonn O'Moore; Keith Ian Quintyne; Cillian de Gascun; Áine O'Toole; Daniel Hare; Derval Igoe
• Keywords: Monkeypox

In February 2025, the first confirmed case of monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade Ia infection outside Africa was identified in a traveller returning to Ireland from Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). We report clinical, laboratory, and epidemiologic features this case, including stable disease course absence secondary transmission. also present phylogenetic analysis APOBEC3-associated mutation profiling that placed obtained patient an evolving cluster MPXV infections Kinshasa, DRC, likely driven by sustained human-to-human This highlights epidemiology its potential for further international spread, reinforcing need vigilance coordinated global surveillance.