Surgical Treatment for Breast Cancer and Axillary Metastases

• DOI: 10.31952/amha.19.1.7
• Publication Date: 2021-06-21T09:13:04Z
• Authors: Damir Grebić; Aleksandra Pirjavec; Domagoj Kustić; Tihana Klarica Ge...
• Keywords: Radical mastectomy; Modified Radical Mastectomy; Axillary lymph nodes

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy to affect females. The first suggestions of BC and its treatment date back Ancient Egypt, 1500-1600 B.C. Throughout history, management has evolved from extensive radical mastectomy towards less invasive treatments. Radical was introduced by W.S. Halsted in 1894, involving resection breast, regional lymph nodes, pectoralis major minor. Despite mutiloperative lymphatic mapping concept sentinel node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) have been developed. SLNB replaced axillary dissection (ALND) be standard procedure for staging patients with clinically node-negative BC. Many women since spared ALND, including those negative or SLNs involved micrometastases (0.2-2 mm size). In last decade, evidence gathered new clinical trials suggests that ALND may safely omitted even 1 2 positive if adjuvant radiotherapy delivered.ating effect, it had main surgical approach until 1948, when Patey Dyson proposed modified form conserved minor level III nodes. latter associated postoperative morbidity improved quality life. idea limited breast tissue 1970s Umberto Veronesi led further minimizations surgery conservation became care early-stage disease. 1990s, intra