Artemisinin-ResistantPlasmodium falciparumwith High Survival Rates, Uganda, 2014–2016

• DOI: 10.3201/eid2404.170141
• Publication Date: 2018-02-26T14:06:41Z
• Authors: Mie Ikeda; Megumi Kaneko; Shin-Ichiro Tachi...; Betty Balikagala; Miki Sakurai-Yats...; Shouki Yatsushiro; Nobuyuki Takahashi; Masato Yamauchi; Makoto Sekihara; Muneaki Hashimoto; Osbert T. Katuro; Alex Olia; Paul S. Obwoya; Mary A. Auma; Denis A. Anywar; Emmanuel I. Odong...; Joseph Okello-Onen; Makoto Hirai; Jun Ohashi; Nirianne M.Q. Pal...; Masatoshi Kataoka; Takafumi Tsuboi; Eisaku Kimura; Toshihiro Horii; Toshihiro Mita
• Keywords: Male; Drug Resistance; Infectious and parasitic diseases; RC109-216; 0302 clinical medicine; Uganda; Malaria, Falciparum; Immunology and Microbiology; Artemisinin Resistance; R; Life Sciences; Artemisinins; 3. Good health; Survival Rate; Phenotype; Environmental health; Computational Theory and Mathematics; Child, Preschool; Physical Sciences; Medicine; Female; Artemisinin; Computational Methods in Drug Discovery; Genotype; Plasmodium falciparum; Population; Immunology; malaria; parasites; History, 21st Century; Microbiology; Global Impact of Helminth Infections and Control Strategies; Antimalarials; 03 medical and health sciences; Health Sciences; Humans; Biology; drug resistance; Whole Genome Sequencing; Research; FOS: Clinical medicine; Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health; Malaria; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug resistance; FOS: Biological sciences; Mutation; Computer Science; Parasitology

Because ≈90% of malaria cases occur in Africa, emergence artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Africa poses a serious public health threat. To assess parasites Uganda during 2014-2016, we used the recently developed ex vivo ring-stage survival assay, which estimates ring-stage-specific P. susceptibility to artemisinin. We conducted 4 cross-sectional surveys artemisinin sensitivity Gulu, Uganda. Among 194 isolates, rates (ratio viable drug-exposed drug-nonexposed controls) were high (>10%) for isolates. Similar have been closely associated with delayed parasite clearance after drug treatment and are considered be proxy phenotype. Of these, PfKelch13 mutation was observed only 1 isolate, A675V. Population genetics analysis suggested that these possibly isolates originated Africa. Large-scale surveillance would provide useful information about outcomes help regional control.