Inflammatory Cytokine and Osmolarity Changes in the Tears of Dry Eye Patients Treated with Topical 1% Methylprednisolone

• DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.1.203
• Publication Date: 2013-12-11T01:53:51Z
• Authors: Ji Hwan Lee; Kyung Min; Se Kyung Kim; Eung Kweon Kim; Tae-im Kim
• Keywords: Adult; Male; 610; Methylprednisolone; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Tears/chemistry*; Humans; Prospective Studies; Aged; Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage; Cytokines/metabolism*; Dry eye syndrome; Osmolar Concentration; Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy*; Middle Aged; Dry Eye Syndromes/metabolism; Tears/metabolism*; cytokines; methylprednisolone; 3. Good health; Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use*; Tears; Cytokines; Original Article; Dry Eye Syndromes; Female

To evaluate changes in clinical outcomes, inflammatory cytokine levels, and tear osmolarity in the tears of patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome before and after the application of topical 1% methylprednisolone.Thirty-two patients with moderate to severe dry eye unresponsive to previous aqueous enhancement therapy were enrolled. Five patients were lost to follow up, and twenty-seven patients were eligible for analysis. Patients were instructed to apply topical 1% methylprednisolone four times per day, as well as to continue applying their current therapy of preservative-free 0.1% sodium hyaluronate four times per day. Corneal and conjunctival staining scores, tear film breakup time (TFBUT), Schirmer test, and tear osmolarity were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Tear samples were collected at every visit for cytokine analysis.Corneal and conjunctival staining scores and TFBUT showed significant improvement at 4 (p<0.001, <0.001, <0.001 respectively) and 8 (p<0.001, <0.001, <0.001 respectively) weeks. Tear osmolarity decreased significantly at 8 weeks (p=0.008). Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were significantly decreased at 8 weeks compared with those at baseline (p=0.041, 0.001, 0.008 respectively).Short-term treatment with topical 1% methylprednisolone not only improved clinical outcomes, but also decreased tear osmolarity and cytokine levels. By measuring the changes in cytokine levels and tear osmolarity, we could objectively evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of topical methylprednisolone applied in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome.