Collective behavior and virulence arsenal of the fish pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis in the biofilm realm

• DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1067514
• Publication Date: 2022-12-05T05:47:48Z
• Authors: Héctor A. Levipan; Rute Irgang; L. Felipe Opazo; Henry Araya-León; Ruben Avendaño-He...
• Keywords: 570; Microbiology; exopolymeric matrix; Fish Diseases; 03 medical and health sciences; Cellular and Infection Microbiology; 0302 clinical medicine; Salmon; 03 Salud y bienestar; Animals; 14. Life underwater; Virulence; Fishes; RNA sequencing; piscirickettsiosis; QR1-502; virulence; biofilm cell viability; aquaculture; Piscirickettsiaceae Infections; Biofilms; cytotoxicity; 03 Good Health and Well-being; Mass Behavior

Piscirickettsiosis is a fish disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. This has high socio-economic impact on Chilean salmonid aquaculture industry. The cryptic character in environment and their main reservoirs are yet unknown. Bacterial biofilms represent ubiquitous mechanism of cell persistence diverse natural environments risk factor for pathogenesis several infectious diseases, but microbiological significance waterborne veterinary including piscirickettsiosis, have seldom been evaluated. study analyzed vitro biofilm behavior P . salmonis LF-89 T (genogroup LF-89) CA5 EM-90) using multi-method approach elucidated potential arsenal virulence type strain its state. exhibited quick kinetics formation that followed multi-step highly strain-dependent process. There were no major differences enzymatic profiles or significant cytotoxicity (as tested Chinook salmon embryo line) between biofilm-derived bacteria planktonic equivalents. biofilms, as determined whole-transcriptome sequencing differential gene expression analysis, consisted genes involved adhesion, polysaccharide biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation, mobility, among others. Importantly, global not enriched with virulence-related upregulated development stages at 24 48 h. An enrichment exclusively expressed was also undetected. These results indicate early mature transcriptionally more virulent than counterparts, which supported cytotoxic trials, which, turn, revealed both modes growth induced important very similar levels line. Our suggest aforementioned do hot spots compared counterparts. provides first transcriptomic catalogue to select specific could be useful prevent control ( and/or vivo ) adherence gain further insights into piscirickettsiosis pathogenesis.