ALKBH5 inhibitors as a potential treatment strategy in heart failure—inferences from gene expression profiling

• DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1194311
• Publication Date: 2023-07-31T21:33:06Z
• Authors: Sumra Komal; Atia Gohar; Saad Althobaiti; Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan; Liu-Gen Cui; Li-Rong Zhang; Sheng-Na Han; Muhammad Shakeel
• Keywords: FOS: Computer and information sciences; Cancer Research; Bioinformatics; heart failure; Organic chemistry; Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer and Development; Heart failure; Cardiovascular Medicine; Gene; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Protein Arginine Methylation in Mammals; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Hypoxia (environmental); Genetics; Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system; Molecular Biology; Biology; Internal medicine; Pharmacology; N6-methyladenosine; AlkB homolog 5; Life Sciences; Gene expression profiling; Oxygen; Chemistry; Gene Expression Regulation; RNA Methylation and Modification in Gene Expression; RC666-701; FOS: Biological sciences; Medicine; Gene expression; epitranscriptomics; Transcriptome; transcriptome

Heart Failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to provide enough blood flow to meet metabolic needs and lacks efficient venous return. HF is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality with cardiovascular diseases globally. Despite enormous research, the molecular markers relevant to disease prognosis and management remain not well understood. Here, we analyzed the whole transcriptomes of 18 failing hearts and 15 non-failing hearts (predominantly of Caucasian origin), by applying the standard in silico tools. The analyses revealed novel gene-markers including ALKBH5 of mRNA demethylation and KMT2E of histone modification processes, significantly over-expressed in the HF compared with the non-failing hearts (FDR < 0.05). To validate the over-expression of ALKBH5, we determined the global m6A level in hypoxic H9c2 cells using a dot blot assay. The global m6A level was found markedly lower in the hypoxic H9c2 cells than in the control cells. Additionally, the expression of ALKBH5 in the H9c2 cells was quantified by the qPCR and found to be 1.18 times higher at 12 h (p < 0.05), and 1.67 times higher at 24 h of hypoxia (p < 0.01) compared with the control cells, indicating a likely role of ALKBH5 in the failing cardiac cells. Furthermore, we identified several compounds through the virtual screening of 11,272 drug-like molecules of the ZINC15 database to inhibit the ALKBH5 in a molecular docking process. Collectively, the study revealed novel markers potentially involved in the pathophysiology of HF and suggested plausible therapeutic molecules for the management of the disease.