Serum Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Associations With Inflammation in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls

• DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661493
• Publication Date: 2021-05-06T05:33:53Z
• Authors: Anna Olsson; Stefan Gustavsen; Thao Duy Nguyen; Margareta Nyman; Annika R. Langkilde; Tue H. Hansen; Finn Sellebjerg; Annette B. Oturai; Helle Bach Sønder...
• Keywords: Valerate; Proinflammatory cytokine; Glatiramer acetate

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease characterized by demyelination and neuroaxonal damage in the central nervous system. The etiology complex still not fully understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that our gut microbiota its metabolites influence MS pathogenesis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate butyrate, are produced through fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates. SCFAs kynurenine have been shown to important immunomodulatory properties, supplementation patients has associated with long-term clinical improvement. However, underlying mechanisms action importance remain incompletely We analyzed serum levels performed targeted metabolomics relation biomarkers inflammation, MRI measures newly diagnosed relapsing-remitting before their first modifying therapy healthy controls (HCs). demonstrated acetate were nominally reduced compared HCs. ratios acetate/butyrate acetate/(propionate + butyrate) significantly lower multivariate analysis (orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis; OPLS-DA). mentioned correlated negatively pro-inflammatory biomarker IFNG , indicating an inverse between inflammation. In contrast, proportion butyrate was found higher analysis, both valerate positively proinflammatory cytokines ( TNF ), suggesting bidirectional regulatory properties SCFAs. Branched inversely disability, at nominal significance level. Otherwise did correlate variables or measures. There signs alteration pathway MS, metabolite 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. Other influenced separation HCs NfL, ARG1 IL1R1 D-ribose 5-phosphate, pantothenic acid D-glucuronic conclusion, we provide novel results this rapidly evolving field, emphasizing complexity interactions inflammation; therefore, further studies required clarify these issues can be widely recommended.